By Richard Kastl · Last Updated: July 4, 2026
Industrial Electricity Rates by State: 2026 Manufacturing Cost Report
Electricity is not a rounding error for a plant. A shop running CNC machines, compressors, ovens, chillers, weld cells, and dust collection can see location change the power bill before a single part ships. The latest EIA state data shows industrial customers paid an average of 8.13 cents per kWh in 2024. But the spread is wide. Hawaii industrial power averaged 34.13 cents per kWh, while New Mexico averaged 5.43 cents per kWh.
This report ranks industrial electricity rates by state using the U.S. Energy Information Administration's 2024 Electric Sales, Revenue, and Average Price data. It includes cents per kilowatt-hour, average monthly industrial bills, average monthly consumption, industrial customer counts, annual MWh sales, and annual industrial electricity revenue. For manufacturers comparing plant locations, quoting energy-intensive work, or explaining margin pressure to customers, these numbers are practical benchmark data.
Quick Answer: Industrial Electricity Rates by State
US industrial electricity averaged 8.13 cents per kWh in 2024, per EIA data. New Mexico had the lowest state industrial rate at 5.43 cents per kWh and Hawaii the highest at 34.13 cents. The average industrial customer's monthly bill was about $6,280. The table below ranks all 50 states by price, bill, consumption, and revenue.
EIA Quick Lookup: Montana, North Dakota, and New Mexico
Searchers often compare Mountain West and Plains industrial power costs together. In the 2024 EIA average industrial electricity price table, Montana averaged 7.59 cents per kWh, North Dakota averaged 7.25 cents per kWh, and New Mexico averaged 5.43 cents per kWh.
New Mexico was the lowest-cost state in the EIA 2024 industrial table. North Dakota was also below the 8.13-cent US industrial average, while Montana sat slightly below the national benchmark. The full table below shows monthly bills, customer counts, industrial sales, and revenue for each state.
8.13¢
US industrial average price per kWh in 2024, from EIA Table 4
34.13¢
Highest state industrial rate, Hawaii, from EIA Table 4
5.43¢
Lowest state industrial rate, New Mexico, from EIA Table 4
$6,280
Average monthly industrial bill, from EIA Table 5C
What's in This Data Report
Methodology and Source Notes
The main source is the EIA's Electric Sales, Revenue, and Average Price annual data release. EIA says the tables are compiled from Forms EIA-861, EIA-861S, and EIA-861U, which collect retail electricity sales, revenue, customer, and price data from electric utilities and power marketers. The 2024 release is the newest annual dataset available for state-level electric sales and retail price tables at the time this page was updated.
The phrase "industrial" is EIA's end-use sector. It is not identical to manufacturing, because the industrial sector also includes some mining, construction, and other industrial users. For manufacturers, it is still the best public state-level proxy for plant electricity costs because it captures the customer class where most production facilities buy power. When you compare states, treat these as market benchmarks, not as guaranteed tariff quotes. Your actual plant bill depends on rate class, demand charges, contract terms, time-of-use schedules, riders, taxes, and utility territory.
We pulled average industrial prices from EIA Table 4, industrial monthly bill and consumption data from EIA Table 5C, industrial MWh sales from EIA Table 2, and industrial revenue from EIA Table 3. Revenue in the table below is converted from EIA's thousand-dollar unit into full dollars.
Highest Industrial Electricity Rates by State
The most expensive states are concentrated in New England, California, and Hawaii. That matters for manufacturers with refrigeration, heat treating, finishing, plastics processing, compressed air, or multi-shift machining. In a high-rate state, every wasted kWh gets priced like premium raw material. According to EIA Table 4, these were the ten highest state industrial electricity prices in 2024.
| State | Industrial price | Average monthly bill | Industrial sales |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hawaii | 34.13¢ | $120,220 | 3,470,374 MWh |
| California | 21.53¢ | $5,398 | 44,025,912 MWh |
| Rhode Island | 19.70¢ | $6,118 | 614,681 MWh |
| Alaska | 19.31¢ | $18,542 | 1,372,235 MWh |
| Massachusetts | 18.19¢ | $8,266 | 5,645,295 MWh |
| Connecticut | 17.12¢ | $9,437 | 2,555,605 MWh |
| New Hampshire | 16.21¢ | $8,503 | 1,961,351 MWh |
| Maine | 12.46¢ | $12,530 | 2,322,138 MWh |
| New Jersey | 11.93¢ | $5,613 | 6,351,180 MWh |
| Vermont | 11.58¢ | $50,691 | 1,276,669 MWh |
Lowest Industrial Electricity Rates by State
Low-rate states are not automatically the best locations. Labor availability, freight lanes, supplier density, taxes, incentives, and customer proximity still matter. But for energy-heavy operations, a five-cent swing per kWh can change the economics of a new line, an expansion, or a reshoring project. EIA Table 4 shows the following ten states had the lowest average industrial prices in 2024.
| State | Industrial price | Average monthly bill | Industrial sales |
|---|---|---|---|
| New Mexico | 5.43¢ | $6,530 | 13,355,945 MWh |
| Louisiana | 5.61¢ | $10,466 | 40,720,072 MWh |
| Oklahoma | 5.84¢ | $5,438 | 22,343,103 MWh |
| Texas | 6.12¢ | $2,389 | 176,135,056 MWh |
| Tennessee | 6.21¢ | $119,014 | 23,138,889 MWh |
| Kentucky | 6.50¢ | $31,295 | 28,005,747 MWh |
| Washington | 6.61¢ | $3,791 | 18,159,320 MWh |
| Arkansas | 6.61¢ | $2,925 | 19,525,858 MWh |
| Iowa | 6.80¢ | $16,541 | 27,646,583 MWh |
| Mississippi | 6.81¢ | $7,281 | 15,919,246 MWh |
States With the Largest Industrial Electricity Loads
Price alone does not show the size of the industrial base. The biggest load states tell a different story. These states are where industrial electricity demand is deepest, which often reflects a large base of refineries, chemicals, primary metals, automotive, food processing, semiconductors, and other power-intensive operations. EIA Table 2 ranks Texas first for industrial electricity sales at 176,135,056 MWh in 2024.
| State | Industrial price | Average monthly bill | Industrial sales |
|---|---|---|---|
| Texas | 6.12¢ | $2,389 | 176,135,056 MWh |
| Ohio | 7.10¢ | $16,436 | 50,687,764 MWh |
| Pennsylvania | 7.87¢ | $24,694 | 48,830,820 MWh |
| California | 21.53¢ | $5,398 | 44,025,912 MWh |
| Illinois | 8.83¢ | $55,221 | 42,693,932 MWh |
| Indiana | 8.15¢ | $14,910 | 42,489,190 MWh |
| Louisiana | 5.61¢ | $10,466 | 40,720,072 MWh |
| Georgia | 7.21¢ | $8,054 | 32,616,660 MWh |
| Alabama | 7.25¢ | $26,496 | 31,762,241 MWh |
| Michigan | 8.26¢ | $33,788 | 28,289,760 MWh |
Industrial Electricity Rates by State, Full 2024 EIA Table
The table below combines four EIA worksheets into one reference table. Use it for fast benchmarking, but pull utility-specific tariffs before making a site selection or quoting decision. A plant with peak demand penalties can pay a different effective rate than the state average, even inside the same utility territory.
| State | Industrial price, cents/kWh | Avg. monthly bill | Avg. monthly kWh | Industrial customers | Industrial sales, MWh | Industrial revenue |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alabama | 7.25 | $26,496 | 365,285 | 7,246 | 31,762,241 | $2,303,895,100 |
| Alaska | 19.31 | $18,542 | 96,014 | 1,191 | 1,372,235 | $264,999,200 |
| Arizona | 7.90 | $12,461 | 157,709 | 7,555 | 14,297,880 | $1,129,681,100 |
| Arkansas | 6.61 | $2,925 | 44,250 | 36,772 | 19,525,858 | $1,290,759,000 |
| California | 21.53 | $5,398 | 25,073 | 146,327 | 44,025,912 | $9,477,808,200 |
| Colorado | 8.62 | $7,254 | 84,135 | 14,750 | 14,891,887 | $1,283,984,300 |
| Connecticut | 17.12 | $9,437 | 55,116 | 3,864 | 2,555,605 | $437,595,100 |
| Delaware | 8.49 | $11,603 | 136,668 | 1,169 | 1,917,182 | $162,760,900 |
| District of Columbia | 10.80 | $1,687,908 | 15,622,333 | 1 | 187,468 | $20,254,900 |
| Florida | 8.50 | $4,646 | 54,670 | 26,610 | 17,457,348 | $1,483,602,600 |
| Georgia | 7.21 | $8,054 | 111,689 | 24,336 | 32,616,660 | $2,352,084,300 |
| Hawaii | 34.13 | $120,220 | 352,251 | 821 | 3,470,374 | $1,184,407,400 |
| Idaho | 7.69 | $2,069 | 26,900 | 29,658 | 9,573,616 | $736,518,100 |
| Illinois | 8.83 | $55,221 | 625,717 | 5,686 | 42,693,932 | $3,767,818,100 |
| Indiana | 8.15 | $14,910 | 183,033 | 19,345 | 42,489,190 | $3,461,231,400 |
| Iowa | 6.80 | $16,541 | 243,102 | 9,477 | 27,646,583 | $1,881,132,400 |
| Kansas | 7.73 | $3,126 | 40,436 | 23,963 | 11,627,501 | $898,942,200 |
| Kentucky | 6.50 | $31,295 | 481,596 | 4,846 | 28,005,747 | $1,819,859,900 |
| Louisiana | 5.61 | $10,466 | 186,416 | 18,203 | 40,720,072 | $2,286,239,900 |
| Maine | 12.46 | $12,530 | 100,525 | 1,925 | 2,322,138 | $289,437,800 |
| Maryland | 10.01 | $3,145 | 31,427 | 9,286 | 3,502,025 | $350,492,500 |
| Massachusetts | 18.19 | $8,266 | 45,440 | 10,353 | 5,645,295 | $1,026,914,100 |
| Michigan | 8.26 | $33,788 | 409,143 | 5,762 | 28,289,760 | $2,336,235,900 |
| Minnesota | 9.15 | $16,217 | 177,255 | 9,410 | 20,015,581 | $1,831,203,800 |
| Mississippi | 6.81 | $7,281 | 106,855 | 12,415 | 15,919,246 | $1,084,653,200 |
| Missouri | 7.87 | $8,998 | 114,317 | 9,443 | 12,953,946 | $1,019,597,700 |
| Montana | 7.59 | $2,628 | 34,645 | 11,624 | 4,832,494 | $366,589,300 |
| Nebraska | 7.66 | $1,176 | 15,353 | 64,672 | 11,914,906 | $912,995,200 |
| Nevada | 8.64 | $17,693 | 204,872 | 4,786 | 11,766,220 | $1,016,116,700 |
| New Hampshire | 16.21 | $8,503 | 52,454 | 3,116 | 1,961,351 | $317,951,800 |
| New Jersey | 11.93 | $5,613 | 47,042 | 11,251 | 6,351,180 | $757,877,600 |
| New Mexico | 5.43 | $6,530 | 120,246 | 9,256 | 13,355,945 | $725,316,200 |
| New York | 9.17 | $7,277 | 79,317 | 16,605 | 15,804,738 | $1,450,058,200 |
| North Carolina | 7.77 | $18,572 | 239,109 | 8,930 | 25,622,927 | $1,990,135,400 |
| North Dakota | 7.25 | $7,532 | 103,934 | 10,864 | 13,549,609 | $981,887,800 |
| Ohio | 7.10 | $16,436 | 231,616 | 18,237 | 50,687,764 | $3,596,997,200 |
| Oklahoma | 5.84 | $5,438 | 93,087 | 20,002 | 22,343,103 | $1,305,144,700 |
| Oregon | 8.05 | $3,839 | 47,679 | 26,616 | 15,228,350 | $1,226,001,300 |
| Pennsylvania | 7.87 | $24,694 | 313,960 | 12,961 | 48,830,820 | $3,840,646,200 |
| Rhode Island | 19.70 | $6,118 | 31,063 | 1,649 | 614,681 | $121,070,800 |
| South Carolina | 6.84 | $39,731 | 580,614 | 3,604 | 25,110,388 | $1,718,300,200 |
| South Dakota | 8.28 | $5,362 | 64,776 | 4,317 | 3,355,659 | $277,781,600 |
| Tennessee | 6.21 | $119,014 | 1,916,740 | 1,006 | 23,138,889 | $1,436,731,700 |
| Texas | 6.12 | $2,389 | 39,027 | 376,098 | 176,135,056 | $10,782,107,500 |
| Utah | 7.86 | $5,259 | 66,951 | 10,805 | 8,680,830 | $681,891,100 |
| Vermont | 11.58 | $50,691 | 437,815 | 243 | 1,276,669 | $147,815,100 |
| Virginia | 8.99 | $27,214 | 302,573 | 3,794 | 13,775,530 | $1,238,977,300 |
| Washington | 6.61 | $3,791 | 57,354 | 26,385 | 18,159,320 | $1,200,154,600 |
| West Virginia | 7.81 | $8,664 | 110,942 | 11,005 | 14,650,982 | $1,144,145,700 |
| Wisconsin | 8.54 | $28,488 | 333,643 | 5,739 | 22,977,299 | $1,961,925,000 |
| Wyoming | 7.96 | $4,961 | 62,347 | 11,995 | 8,974,198 | $714,083,200 |
Sources: EIA Table 4, EIA Table 5C, EIA Table 2, and EIA Table 3.
What Industrial Electricity Rates Mean for Manufacturers
For a low-load job shop, electricity may sit behind payroll, rent, tooling, and material in the cost stack. For a process manufacturer, it can sit much higher. Compressed air leaks, idling ovens, oversize dust collection, old chillers, and inefficient motors turn into real margin loss when the local industrial rate is high. The EIA data shows why two plants making the same part can feel different cost pressure in different states.
Quote work with the state rate in mind
If your plant is in a high-rate state, energy-sensitive jobs need tighter estimating discipline. A stamping cell, thermoforming line, or plating operation can absorb enough electricity to distort a standard hourly shop rate. Use the state industrial price from EIA Table 4 as a sanity check, then calculate your own effective rate from utility bills. The state number is a benchmark. Your meter is the truth.
Use bill data to spot customer class differences
EIA's Table 5C reports both average monthly consumption and average monthly bill for industrial customers. The national average industrial customer used 77,256 kWh per month and paid $6,280 per month in 2024. That average includes small industrial accounts and very large facilities, so it should not be treated as a typical manufacturing plant bill. Still, it helps show whether a state has many small industrial accounts or a smaller number of high-load accounts.
Watch the difference between rate and total load
Texas, Louisiana, Ohio, Indiana, and Pennsylvania show how industrial load can be huge even when average prices are moderate. According to EIA Table 2, Texas industrial customers bought 176,135,056 MWh in 2024. That scale reflects a deep industrial economy. It can also mean better power procurement expertise, more large-user tariffs, and stronger internal pressure to manage demand charges.
Bring electricity into sales and marketing conversations
Energy is not just an operations issue. If your sales team sells into energy-intensive sectors, buyers care about cost control, uptime, and quote accuracy. Content that explains how your plant handles load scheduling, maintenance, compressed air, or energy monitoring can support the sales conversation. It gives technical buyers evidence that you understand their cost structure, not just your own capabilities.
Key Takeaways for Plant Leaders
The national industrial average was 8.13 cents per kWh in 2024, but the top and bottom states were separated by more than 28.70 cents per kWh. That is enough to matter on energy-heavy processes. Industrial customers nationally bought 1,034,584,190 MWh and generated $84,094,810,500 in electricity revenue for electric providers.
For site selection, do not stop at the state average. Ask for tariff schedules, demand charge details, power quality history, outage data, interconnection limits, and incentive programs. For marketing and sales, use energy performance as proof that your plant understands operational cost. Buyers notice that.
Industrial Electricity Rates FAQ
What is the average industrial electricity rate in the US?
US industrial customers paid an average of 8.13 cents per kilowatt-hour in 2024, according to EIA Table 4. State averages range from 5.43 cents in New Mexico to 34.13 cents in Hawaii, so plant location can change the effective rate by a factor of six.
Which state has the cheapest industrial electricity?
New Mexico posted the lowest 2024 average industrial rate at 5.43 cents per kWh in EIA's state tables. Other low-cost states cluster in the Gulf Coast, Mountain West, and Pacific Northwest. The full 50-state ranking on this page shows each state's price, monthly bill, and consumption.
What are the EIA industrial electricity rates for Montana, North Dakota, and New Mexico?
In EIA's 2024 average industrial electricity price table, Montana averaged 7.59 cents per kWh, North Dakota averaged 7.25 cents per kWh, and New Mexico averaged 5.43 cents per kWh. New Mexico was the lowest-cost state in the 2024 industrial price table.
Which state has the most expensive industrial electricity?
Hawaii, at 34.13 cents per kWh in 2024, more than four times the national industrial average. Hawaii's grid relies heavily on imported petroleum for generation, which keeps rates high across every customer class. Among the continental states, New England and California sit at the expensive end.
How much does a manufacturing plant pay for electricity per month?
The average US industrial customer's monthly electricity bill was about $6,280 in 2024, per EIA Table 5C. Actual plant bills vary widely with demand charges, rate class, contract terms, and time-of-use schedules, so treat state averages as benchmarks rather than tariff quotes.
Why are industrial electricity rates lower than residential rates?
Industrial customers buy large volumes at higher voltage, which cuts the utility's per-kWh delivery and distribution cost. Many also accept interruptible service or off-peak schedules in exchange for lower prices. The trade-off is demand charges, which can dominate a plant's bill even when the energy rate looks cheap.
Connect cost research to RFQ-ready buyers
Energy-cost searches are often part of a broader site-selection, supplier-risk, or reshoring decision. Our manufacturing lead generation services help manufacturers turn that research intent into qualified RFQs from buyers who already care about location, cost, capacity, and supply reliability. For the full program, from SEO to outreach, see our manufacturing marketing agency services.
Turn Technical Proof Into Qualified Manufacturing Leads
We help manufacturers build search content that attracts engineers, sourcing teams, and plant managers. If your shop has data, capabilities, and process knowledge buyers should see, let's turn it into qualified pipeline.
Book Your Consultation →Cite This
Manufacturing Lead Generation. "Industrial Electricity Rates by State: 2026 Manufacturing Cost Report." Updated July 4, 2026. https://manufacturingleadgeneration.com/industrial-electricity-rates-by-state/
Sources
- U.S. Energy Information Administration, Electric Sales, Revenue, and Average Price, 2024 annual data tables
- EIA Table 4, 2024 Total Electric Industry Average Retail Price by sector, Census Division, and State
- EIA Table 5C, 2024 Average Monthly Bill, Industrial
- EIA Table 2, 2024 Total Electric Industry Sales by sector, Census Division, and State
- EIA Table 3, 2024 Total Electric Industry Revenue by sector, Census Division, and State
- EIA-861 Annual Electric Power Industry Report data collection
